混合溶剂沸点增高规则及其在汽液平衡中的应用

The Boiling Point Elevation Rule of Mixed Solvent and its Application in Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium

介绍混合溶剂中溶入少量不挥发溶质后液相沸点及其蒸气压变化所遵循的普遍性规律———混合溶剂沸点增高规则.该规则的实质是热力学定律在汽液平衡现象中的推论,其数学表达式为不挥发溶质对汽液平衡影响的基本热力学方程.并就该方程在汽液平衡盐效应研究中的应用进行了评述与讨论.

The boiling point elevation rule of mixed solvent and its theoretical basis a basic thermodynamical equation of vapor-liquid equilibrium of nonvolatile solute-containing systems were introduced. This rule governs the variation of boiling point or vapor pressure of liquid mixture with constant composition when a little amount of nonvolatile solute is dissolved in it. And application of this basic thermodynamical equation into vapor-liquid equilibrium of salt-containing systems were reviewed and discussed.