景观可视化的研究进展

Progress in the Study of Landscape Visualization

可视化技术是20世纪70年代末提出并得到迅速发展的一门新兴技术,发展时间虽短,但引起了国内外学者的广泛关注.国内外景观可视化的发展可分为二维景观可视化和三维景观可视化两个阶段.所取得的研究成果主要有植被景观的三维模型和可视化,主要包括植物个体尺度建模、景观基质尺度建模;景观规划的可视化,主要包括地理信息系统可视化、虚拟现实技术和三维城市模型的可视化.目前存在的主要问题是对景观动态描述数字化技术研究比较薄弱,对虚拟现实技术在环境决策系统等的适合度及有效性研究得较少,对人类感知的理解以及怎样把人的感知用数字化的方法较好的显示出来,在细节水平研究的技巧、应用现代系统方法来发展可视化系统等问题,都是我们今后研究的重点和奋斗的方向.通过景观可视化的研究希望能引起国内更多学者对这一问题的关注,从而促进景观可视化技术的发展.

Visualization is a newly technique being brought forward in the late 20th century. It has aroused abroad concentration of scholars despite its short-time development. The development of landscape visualization could be classified into two stages, two-dimension stage and three-dimension stage. Some main results have been obtained, such as the three dimension model of vegetation landscape and its visualization, which includes modeling of plant in individual scale, modeling of landscape in matrix scale; Visualization of landscape planning, which includes visualization of geographical information system, the visional and realistic technique; and visualization of 3D city models. The weakness on landscape visualization study is digital technique of landscape dynamic, and how to use the digital methods to comprehend and display the apperception of human beings etc. and through the study of landscape visualization, we expect that more scholar will fix their attentions in this scientific topic.