据一日常用词词源重估侗台先民古代分布区域

Reconsideration of distribution areas of the Kam-Tai ancestors based on etymology of a daily word

本文认为汉语方言的基本词“屙”字与侗台语族诸语言的基本词ok“出(来/去)”同出一源,而“屙”字的分布可北溯至黄河流域,所以推测侗台先民也曾经分布在这个区域。冰河时期结束后,人类几千年的“南→北”大迁徙带去了侗台“先民”的ok。而后的几千年中,ok随着汉语入声尾的消失而丢失了-k。而后又随着最近数千年的“北→南”大迁徙,o又覆盖了几乎东亚大陆的整个南部地区,而原来北方所用的表示排泄的la只作为底层留在这些方言中。

The paper holds that the word ＊ o （i. e. ＂屙＂） ＂to empty the bowels＂ in many southern Chinese dialects and the word ＊ ok ＂out＂ in the Kam-Tai languages have developed from the same source and that since the word ＊ o is found as far north as in the Yellow River area, the Kam-Tai ancestors must have been distributed in this area, too. The mass northward migrations towards the end of the glacier period brought to the north the word ＊ ok, which lost the ending ＊ - k along with the trend of the Chinese sound change in the subsequent millennia. Subsequently, the word ＊ o covered the southern part of the East Asian continent in the wake of the following southward migrations which began a few thousand years ago. The northern equivalent ＊ la （i. e.“拉”） only remains today as a substratum in the southern dialects.