两性淀粉的制备及性能

TENTATIVE RESEARCH ON PREPARATION OF AMPHOTERIC STARCH AND ITS PROPERTIES

选用三聚磷酸钠作为磷酸化试剂与阳离子淀粉干热反应制备两性淀粉，用正交试验方法研究了磷酸化试剂用量、ｐＨ、反应温度、反应时间及其它因素对阴离子取代度和反应效率的影响，并对两性淀粉结合磷含量、阴离子对阳离子基团比率、粘度、电导率和Ｚｅｔａ电位进行测试．结果表明，在同一淀粉分子链上接上阳、阴两种离子基因是可能的．在影响合成反应的诸因素中，磷酸化试剂用量最重要．加入１％的尿素可大大提高阴离子取代度和反应效率．阴离子对阳离子基团比率与两性淀粉表面活性密切相关．

Amphoteric starch is prepared by the reaction of cationic starch with Na5P3O10, under a dry and heat condition. This article not only discusses the effects of several factors, such as the amount of phosphorylating reagent, PH, reation temperature, reaction time and other factors,on the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency according to the method of the orthogonal experiment, but also tests the bound phosphorus,the ratio of anionic to cationic groups, viscosity,electric conductivity and zeta potential of amphoteric starch. Experiments show that starch containing cationic groups can bind anionic phosphate groups. The amount of phosphorylating reagents is the most impoftant of the several factors that affects the reaction. The addition of 1% urea can greatly increase the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency. A/C is closely related to the surface-activity of amphoteric starch.