论理学对文学的超然批判——以元明之交的批判杨维桢为例

The Idealists' Detached Criticism of Literature

标新立异的杨维桢及其铁崖体在元末明初产生了很大影响,成为其时东南文坛的风云人物,于此也遭到了持理学观点的人们的激烈批判。对徐一夔的标举张载诗学,特别是贝琼的“词涉夸大”和王彝的“文妖”等进行考论,发现理学在进行超然的文学批判时,常常和元明更迭的政治局势、传统诗学的观念传统所共同要求的雅正、平易观念糅合在一起,而这和明代的理学重回意识形态主流和士人重回社会精神生活中心密切相关。

Unconventional Yang Weizhen, together with his Tieya style, had such a profound impact on the Southeast China literary world that he received violent criticism from those who strictly followed Zhu Xi＇s literary route during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. Examining Xu Yikui＇s poetic criticism, especially Bei Qiong＇s exaggeration in wording＇and Wang Yi＇s accusation of literary monster＇, one can see that the idealists＇ detached criticism was conducted under the standards of grace and formality＇and simplicity and plainness＇which resulted from the changing political situation in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, as well as traditional poetic conception.