144名海军潜水员健康状况调查与分析

Investigation on the health state of navy divers

目的研究海军潜水员职业对机体的影响并分析可能的影响因素。方法对144名潜水员进行生理指标问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90)调研,采用合适的统计学方法分析各指标的变化及与潜水职业各可能的影响因素之间的关系。结果潜水员易发生耳鸣、胸部不适、高血压、咽炎、关节不适和疲乏等疾患(P<0.05或P<0.01),主要与潜水工龄关系密切(P<0.01);心理量表多数因素项值均低于常模(P<0.01),且与潜水工龄和生理指标阳性项目数成正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论潜水职业可引起机体某些生理和心理指标的改变,可能最主要与潜水高气压暴露有关。

Objective To investigate the influence of diving on navy divers and analyze possible influence factors. Methods 144 navy divers were tested with physiological questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90（SCL-90）. Physiological and mental changes and the probable correlation with diving occupation were analyzed. Results The incidences of tinnitus, chest discomfort, hypertension, pharyngitis, articular discomfort and the feeling of weariness of divers were high among the divers and mainly correlated with diving age （ P 〈0.01 ）. Most of the factor scores of SCL-90 of divers were lower than those of the norm （ P 〈 0.01 ） and were also positively correlated with diving age and with the number of positive physiological parameters （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0.01 ）, Conclusions Some physiological and mental ailments were incident to the occupation of divers, which was probably caused by diving and hyperbaric exposures.