皖南皖北夏收作物田间杂草植被特点及生态分析

THE ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF WEED VEGETATION OF THE SUMMER CROP FIELDS IN THE SOUTH AND NORTH OF ANHUI PROVINCE

以7级目测法调查了安微省南部和北部地区夏收作物田共45个样点的杂草,并用系统聚类法分析比较了皖南、皖北夏收作物田杂草植被的差异和特点。皖南多为看麦娘杂草群落型,发生在与水稻轮作的水稻土田。皖北多为猪殃殃杂草群落型,发生在与秋熟旱作物轮作田地,其包括两类杂草群落:猪殃殃—野燕麦—阿拉伯婆婆纳·小根蒜杂草群落和麦仁珠+播娘蒿+大巢菜·麦瓶草杂草群落。轮作制度和地理区域的差异是导致这一特点的主要因素。

The weed communities in 45 sampling sites composed of 358 summer crop fields in the northern and southern regions of Anhui Province were surveyed by visual scoring weed infestation level in seven scales. The result analysed with the cluster analysis showed that Alopecurus weed formation group distributed more in the south than in the north and almost appeared in the paddy soil fields with the rotation of rice; on the other hand, Calium weed formation group more often distributed in the drylands with the rotation of autumn dry crops mainly in the north. The latter consisted of two kinds of weed communities: Galium aparine—Avena fatua—Veromica persica·Allium macronstemon weed ass. distributing also in the south while Galium tricorne+Descurainia sophia+Vicia sativa·Sinele conoidea weed ass. occurring only in the north. The weed vegetation in summer crop fields was influenced and determined by soil moisture and climate caused by the rotation system and geographical factors.