对社会事实与社会科学研究客观性的思考

Social Facts and the Objectivity of Social Science Research

社会学家迪尔凯姆所倡导的社会学方法的准则认为,在社会学研究中要把社会事实作为“物”来考察,研究者要摆脱一切主观的偏见和预断,通过客观的观察方法来获得对社会现象的正确认识。这一准则不仅适用于社会学研究,也适用于其他社会科学研究领域,提醒人们在社会科学研究中必须遵循和坚持客观性和价值中立的原则,克服不健康的意识形态对社会科学研究的影响;只有客观地研究和把握社会事实,才有可能实现理论上的突破与创新。

According to the criterion of sociology methods founded by sociologist Durkhein, social facts should be observed as “object” in sociology research and researchers should resort to social facts through objective observation and break away from all subjective prejudice and pre-judgment so as to obtain a correct knowledge of social facts. This criterion applies not only to sociology research but also to other social science research. It reminds people to follow the principles of objectivity and neutrality and to overcome the influence of unhealthy ideology. Only objective research of social facts will make a breakthrough in theory.