结球甘蓝游离小孢子胚胎发生

Embryogenesis of Isolated-microspore in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var.capitata)

以结球甘蓝品种“强夏”为材料进行游离小孢子培养,对与胚胎发生关系密切的因子进行探讨。研究结果表明,在盛花前期取材最适宜;单核晚期至双核期的小孢子才能发育成胚状体;含17%蔗糖的培养液在培养初期有利于小孢子存活;培养3 d后胚胎诱导则以14%蔗糖浓度为最好;高浓度(17%)蔗糖培养3 d后添加低浓度(11%)蔗糖培养液能大大提高胚胎发生能力,比一直在14%蔗糖培养液培养的提高282.4%,比更新培养液培养的提高126.1%。

Factors affecting microspore embryogenesis in cabbage was intensively investigated using cultivar, ＇Qiangxia＇. Results showed that the optimum period for donor flower buds collection was before full bloom of the plants. Embryoids could develop from microspores of uninucleate stage to binucleate stage. Medium with 17% sucrose at the first days of culture was favorable for the vitality of microspores, but medium with 14% sucrose was favorable for the embryogenesis after 3 days of culture. It was found that the embryogenesis ability was greatly improved by adding low sucrose concentration （11%） medium into the medium with high sucrose concentration （17%） after 3 days of culture. In this case, the embryogenesis frequency increased 282.4% and 126.1% respectively compared with microspores cultured consistently in medium with 14% sucrose or changing the medium completely.