新生儿惊厥71例临床分析

ANALYSTS OF 71 CASES OF NEONATE SEIZURE

新生儿惊厥７１例，占同期住院新生儿的２３．８％。病因以缺氧缺血性脑病（４７．９％）为多，低钙血症（２８．２％）次之，感染性疾病（１９．７％）占第三位。新生儿惊厥表现多不典型，须细致观察，并辅以必要的检查才能确诊。头颅ＣＴ对缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的诊断分型、预后估计均有较大价值，尤其是不典型病例。抗惊厥药物首选苯巴比妥钠肌注，同时应积极治疗原发病。预后主要取决于原发病种类、病情程度及治疗是否及时、准确。做好围产期保健对防止惊厥的发生甚为重要。

Seventy-one neonatal inpatients developed seizure during July,1990 toMay,1994.They accounted for 23.8%of the tatal number of neonatal inpatients in thesame period. The leading causes of the seizure in this group were hypoxic ischemicencephalopathy(HIZ,47.9%),hypocalcemia(28.2%)and infectious diseases(19. 9%).By comparison,the percentage of HIE increased from 33.3%in 1990 to 70.0%in 1994,while infectious diseasee decreased from 33.3%in 1990 to 10.0%in 1 994.Eleven ofthem(6 cases af HIE and 5 cases of infectious disease)dead,with a mortality rate of 15.5%.It is suggested that brain CT examination is of great value in confirmed diagnosis ofSeizure,determination of the type and estimate prognosis;phenobarbital sodium givenby intramuscular injection is the anticonvulsive drug of choice;the main factors whichaffect the prognosis of neonate selzure are the primary diseaes and its seriousness;andimproving perinatal health measures and nuraing are very important to reduce theincidence of neonate seizure.