探讨实验的物理思想 提高物理实验教学质量

On Experimental Physics Thoughts and Improving the Teahing Ceuality of Physics Experiments

试图挖掘、概括大学物理教学实验中具有普遍性、原则性指导意义的物理思想。物理思想从原则性的高度指导如何运用实验方法研究物理问题;揭示了物理实验在物理学中的地位;阐明了物理理论与实验的相互联系与区别;指出了物理实验的内涵;规定了实验设计的基本任务及基本原则,总结了实验中普遍适用的法则(实验思想);提出了实验结果评价的要求等。就大学物理教学实验中蕴藏着的一些物理思想进行了举例说明,希望能引起广大物理实验教师参与讨论,以促进物理实验教学质量的提高。

This paper tries to develop and generalizes the physics thoughts which have the universal, principled and directive significance in the university physics experimental teaching. The physics thoughts guide the students how to make a research on physics with experiment methods, and reveal the experiment position in physics. In this essay the author clearly explains the relation between the physics theories and experiment as well as their difference, points out the meaning in intension of the physics experiment, rules the basic task and principles of the experiment design, summarizes the suitable rules （experiment thought） in the experiment and advances the requirements of the experiment result evaluation. Finally it demonstrates some physics thoughts in the physics ex- perimental teaching by means of some good examples. It expects a large number of physics experiment teachers to participate the discussion in order to promote the teaching quantity of physics experiment.