葡萄多倍体诱导及其特征特性研究

Studies on induction and characteristics of grape polyploid

通过葡萄的离体培养,对多倍体葡萄诱导及其特征特性进行了研究,结果表明,秋水仙素加入培养基中诱导葡萄多倍体,以20 mg／L秋水仙素加入附加有0．01 mg／L 6-BA的MS培养基中包埋腋芽诱导染色体加倍效果较好。不同品种对秋水仙素的敏感反应不一,以红提为亲本诱导获得染色体加倍率分别为66．1％、64．6％的诱变株系 H0120-1和H0120-3。诱变株与原二倍体红提比较,具有多倍体的部分特征特性;诱变株与原二倍体红提气孔平均大小、气孔指数无明显差异,但诱变株存在20．8％的特大气孔。

Polyploid induction and its characteristics of grape were studied. The results showed that the optimum way to produce tetraploid plant was inducing auxiliary buds on MS supplement with colchicine 20 mg/L and BA 0.01 mg/L for 12 days. Effects of induction depended on different varieties. The two induced plants, H120-1 and H120-3, with chromosome doubling rate 66.1% and 64.6 %, respectively, had been obtained by inducing diploid cultivar Red Globe on MS with colchicines. Compared with the donor plants,the lines had some typical polyploid characteristics. Studies on stoma showed that the differences of average stoma size and stoma indexes between the donors and the induced plants were nonsignificant,but 20.8 % stomas of induced plants were abnormally big.