71例新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎临床分析

Necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns:analysis of 71 cases

目的研究新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)发病、预后及其相关因素间的关系。方法对71例新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎在各相关因素影响下的基本分布情况、预后作一回顾性分析。结果NEC好发于胎龄<34周者,以非母乳喂养者居多,发病时间大多在2周内。胎龄≥34周的NEC患儿存活率明显高于胎龄<34周的NEC患儿,尤其见于24h内开始喂养、出生后予以人工喂养和非极低出生体重的NEC患儿。结论胎龄是影响NEC发生率和存活率的重要因素,适当延迟小胎龄儿喂乳时间、应用母乳喂养可改善其预后。

Objective To investigate invasion and prognosis of necrotizing enterocolitis （NEC） and its affecting factors. Methods The fundemental distribution and prognosis with different affecting factors were retrospectively analyzed in 71 newborns suffering from NEC. Results Gestational age less than 34 weeks, without breast-feeding and age less than 2 weeks were correlated to NEC. The survival rate was higher in neonates whose gestational ages were equal or more than 34 weeks, especially those received breast-feeding or formular milk in 24 hours after birth. The survival rate was lower in extremely low birth weight infants. Conclusions Gestational age is the major factor affecting the incidence and survival rate of NEC. To delay properly the nursing time or to give breast-feeding can improve the prognosis in infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks .