超容量负荷联合压力负荷制备家兔心衰模型的可行性探讨

A Model of Heart Failure Induced by Volume Plus Pressure Overload in Rabbits

目的探讨超容量负荷联合压力负荷建立家兔心衰模型的可行性。方法 22只家兔随机分为两组:心衰组11只和假手术组11只;先诱导主动脉瓣关闭不全,2周后腹主动脉缩窄,制造超容量负荷及压力负荷,利用心导管术和心脏多谱勒观察术前后家兔血流动力学及心脏结构和功能的变化。结果 (1)心衰组术后主动脉收缩压、脉压、左室舒张末压较术前及假手术组明显增加(P<0．01);(2)心衰组术后左房内径、室间隔厚度、左室收缩和舒张末径明显增加(P<0．01), 射血分数及左室缩短率明显降低(P<0．01);(3)心衰组左室／体重比、肺脏／体重比明显高于假手术组(P<0．01)。结论超容量负荷结合压力负荷建立心衰模型方法可行,心衰形成时间短, 重复性好,且成功率较高,符合人类慢性心衰发展过程。

Objective To establish animal model of heart failure induced by volume plus pressure overload in rabbits. Methods Twenty-two rabbits were divided into two groups： 11 rabbits with heart failure and 11 sham-operated animals. We first obtained a volume overload by creation of an aortic insufficiency, which was followed 14 days later by pressure overload induced by constricting the abdominal aorta. The homodynamic parameters and cardiac structure and function were detected via catheterization and echocardiography respectively 6 weeks later. Results （1） Aortic systolic pressure, pulse pressure, left ventricular end diastolic pressure of heart failure rabbits were significantly increased compared with sham-operated rabbits （P〈0.01）. （2） The left atria diameter, left inter-ventricular septum, left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameter were also increased markedly in heart failure rabbits, but their ejection fraction and left ventricular shorten fraction were decreased （P〈0.0 1）. （3）In heart failure rabbits, the ratio of left ventricular mass and pulmonary mass to body weight were higher than that in sham-operated rabbits （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Animal model of heart failure were established by volume plus pressure overload in rabbits successfully, with short time, better repetition and higher rate of success, according with the development of human heart failure.