不同菜粕水平对草鱼生长、血清生化指标和毒素残留的影响

Effects of different rapeseed meal levels on growth,serum biochemical indices and toxins residues in Ctenoparyngodon idellus

为考察不同菜粕水平(0～50.0%)对草鱼生长、饲料利用、血清生化指标和毒素残留的影响.对不同体重的草鱼(初始平均体重约5.0 g和18.7 g)分别进行了8周的饲养试验,结果表明:随着菜粕水平的升高,不同体重的草鱼增重率、特定生长率、饲料转化率、蛋白质效率均有所下降,但在0、10.0%、20.0%和30.0%组没有显著差异;草鱼(初始平均体重约5.0 g)肌肉和肝脏中硫代葡萄糖甙、噁唑烷硫酮和异硫氰酸盐的含量随饲料中菜粕水平的升高而升高;不同菜粕水平对草鱼(初始平均体重约18.7 g)血清中的谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白/球蛋白、尿素氮、血糖、肌肝、T3和T3/T4均无显著影响,而对T4和T3+T4有显著影响,并且对肝脏细胞有不同程度的损害.通过两个试验的研究认为草鱼幼鱼饲料中菜籽粕用量以少于30.0%为宜.

Two 8-week feeding trials were conducted to investigate effects of different rapeseed meal levels（0.0 - 50.0% ） on growth, feed utilization, blood biochemical indices and toxins residues in grass carp（ Ctenoparyngodon ideUus ） （ average body weight were about 5.0 g and 18.7 g）. The results showed that： with the increasing of the rapeseed meal levels, the weight gain rate, specific growth rate,feed efficiency ratio and protein efficiency ratio decreased, but no significant difference was observed in 0.0, 10.0% ,20.0% and 30.0% groups. Glucosinolate（ GLS ）, isothiocyanate （ITC） and oxazolidine thione（OZT） content in the muscle and liver also increased with the rapeseed meal level increasing in average body weight 5.0 g; In average body weight 18.7 g, there were no significant difference in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase/ glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total protein, albumin, globin, albumin/globin, urea nitrogen, glucose, creatinine, T3 and T3/T4 , but T4 and T3 ＋ T4 levels were significantly lower than those of control, liver cells were damaged. From the two trials , a percentage of no more than 30.0 % of rapeseed meal supplementation in the feed was suitable.