水稻光温敏核不育系的开花习性研究

Studies on Flowering Habits of Photo-Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Lines of Rice

以蜀光582S、GD-8S、徐选S、GD-7S、02-142、208S、W9593S、YW-2S、Y3和S25共10个我国新近育成的光温敏核不育水稻为材料,以培矮64S和农垦58S为对照,观察了开花习性.结果表明:开花习性因不育系不同而有很大差异,大致分为4类:1)蜀光582S、Y3、02-142与培矮64S(CK),花期集中、花时较早,盛花期出现在穗后2～5 d,午前花率在60%以上,柱头活力强,但开颖时间短;2)徐选S、GD-7S、W9593S,花期分散、花时较迟,柱头外露率一般,对'920'敏感;3)GD-8S、208S、YW-2S,花期集中,但花时分散,柱头外露率一般,表面积较小;4)粳型不育系S25和农垦58S,主要特点是花时集中,但花时高峰迟,柱头外露率低.

Using 12 indica or japonica photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice （PGMS） （Shuguang582S, Y3, 02-142, Pei＇ai 64S （CK）, XuxuanS, GD-7S, W9593S, GD-8S, 208S, YW-2S, S25 and Nongken58S ） as the materials, under the nature conditions at Nanjing （32.0°N） in 2003, the flowering habits of flourish flowering time, spikelet flowering（ % ）, stigma extrusion （ % ）, peak of panicle flowering, duration and angle of opening spikelets, stigma area and vitality were systematically surveyed. The results showed that the flowering habits were greatly different with different PGMS. They were concluded primarily as four types as follow： 1 ） Shuguang582S, Y3 and Pei＇ai 64 S （CK） was characteristic of concentrated flowering period, early flowering time, flourish flowering after heading 2-5 d, strong stigma vitality and high stigma extrusion, however the duration of opening spikelet were short; 2） XuxuanS, GD- 7S, W9593S belonged to dispersed-flowering period, later flowering time, low stigma extrusion, and sensitive to GA3;3） The flowering period of GD-8S, 208S, YW-2S was concentrated, while flowering time was dispersed, stigma extrusion and stigma area were low; 4） S25 and Nongken58S was the type of japonica, characteristic of low stigma extrusion and later flourish flowering.