我国粳稻杂种优势利用的现状与发展策略

Present Utilization of Japonica Rice Heterosis and its Development Strategy

我国杂粳研究北方快于南方,南北近期皆有突破。粳稻杂优生产应用滞后,地区间极不平衡。发展中主要存在产量优势不明显,栽培措施不配套,米质不优,两段灌浆,综合抗性和生态适应性不强以及制种环节和推广体制方面的问题。发展策略:加强部门配合,增强种子和推广应用体系建设,加大宣传和示范力度,并组织科研攻关,大力选配高产、优质、多抗和熟期适宜的新组合。

There was breakthrough in the research of japonica hybrid rice both in the north and south China, and now the north was ahead of the south. But there was a remarkable difference between the north and the south and the application was advancing slowly. The problems in the development of Japonica hybrid rice was that the grain yield heterosis wasn＇t obvious, cultural technique was unsuitable, rice gain quality wasn＇t good, two-stage grain filling, comprehensive resistance and ecological applicability wasn＇t strong, and producing seed technical and popularization system were improper. Development strategy： reinforcing division combination, perfecting seed and popularization system, improving the macro-control in the process of the example and the propaganda, and promoting the research, breeding high yielding combinations with good gain quality and resistance to insects and diseases.