钱穆文学批评观述略

QIAN Mu’s View on Literary Criticism

钱穆以史学名家,他的文学批评多在史学语境中展开,突出表现于两方面,即一是用历史的眼光分析文学作品以及相关的理论问题,二是以文学印证历史,阐发文学的“心史”意义。与20世纪前期中国文学批评趋新思潮相左,钱穆操持的是两千多年大文化传统的典雅文学观。在他看来,文道合一即人生之文学,因为文学与学术相通,都是人生精神的展示,这既是他提供给我们的广义文学视域,又具“纯文学意态”的人生的文学观念。

QIAN Mu is famous for his studies in the area of historiography, so his literary criticism is based on historiographical context. On the one hand, he analyzed literary works and theories from the perspective of history; one the other hand, he explained the historical meaning of literature by citing literary works to verify history development. Contrary to the trend of Chinese literary criticism in the early 20th century, QIAN Mu held on to traditional Chinese “elegant literary view”. His claim that literature and academy which are all representations of life spirit are interrelated is not only the broad literary perspective he left to us, but also the literary view on life with pure literary sense.