日本传统节日中的中国文化情结

Chinese Culture Complex in Traditional Japanese Festivals

中日两国交往源远流长,日本国在吸收中国古代先进的律令、制度和礼仪、文学文字的同时,也吸收了中国古代的天文和历法。而我国古代的传统节日,大多和天文、历法及节气密切相关。本文以此为契机,在叙述了中日两国传统节日的来历及其异同之后,提出了日本现今保留的传统节日的中国文化情结即在于其对中国包括汉字和历法在内的文化的吸收、融合的必然结果,并试着进一步分析了日本的传统节日与中国传统节日“形似义不同”的原因。

Sino-Japanese exchange has a long history. Japan introduced not only ancient Chinese advanced laws, institutions, rituals and language, but also Chinese astronomy and calendar, which are closely related with ancient Chinese traditional festivals. This article first explains the origin as well as the similarities and differences of Chinese and Japanese traditional festivals. Then it points out that Chinese complex in Japanese festivals results from the assimilation of Chinese culture including Chinese character and calendar. Finally it analyzes the reasons why Chinese and Japanese traditional festivals are different in meaning.