清代封禁政策的内在矛盾与归化城土默特地区教育事业的发展

INNER CONTRADICTION OF THE BAN POLICY IN THE QING DYNASTY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN THE CITY OF GUIHUA AND TUMOTE AREA

清廷为更好地控制蒙古族并维护其在北部边疆的统治,对包括归化城土默特在内的蒙古地区实行了封禁政策,其中包括文化封禁,但这一政策却存在着内在矛盾:首先,清廷对蒙古封禁政策与其在全国倡导的“尊孔读经、礼义教化”相矛盾;其次,清廷对蒙地文化封禁政策与其在全国推行科举取士制度、大力兴办地方教育存在矛盾;最后,清廷对蒙地人口封禁政策与其弛禁政策相矛盾。上述内在矛盾为归化城土默特地区的教育事业提供了发展契机。

In the Qing Dynasty, in order to control the Mongolian nationality and maintain her rule of North China, the Court of the Qing Dynasty implemented the Ban Policy in Inner Mongolia area, the city of Guihua and Tumote area included. They put a ban on culture as well. However, the inner contradiction of the very policy existed： First, the ban policy carried out in Inner Mongolia area contradicted the policy ＂Honour Confucianism, Reod Confucian Classics and Teach Ceremony and Propriety＂ initiated throughout China. Second, the ban policy of culture contradicted the policy ＂Introduce Imperial Examination system and Devote Major efforts to Developing Local Education＂. Last, the ban policy of population contradicted the policy of lifting the ban of population. The above-mentionad contradictions offered a turning point in the development of education in the city of Guihua and Tumote area.