国外产业集群理论的演进脉络

The Evolution of Foreign Theories of Industrial Cluster and Its Enlightenment

以对各因素互动关系的分析为线索,国外产业集群理论经历了古典主义、区域空间结构理论发展和新集群理论三个阶段。这一过程与不同时期的社会经济环境相联系,不断细化了集群体包含的关系结构体系,揭示出产业集群的实质在于,为获取整体竞争优势各相关主体空间集聚、利益互动、分工协作的现象。这要求我们应以集群整合为手段,增强由核心竞争力所决定的自组织能力,系统认识区域内外的相关因素,注意防范和化解潜在风险。

With the clues to the analysis on the interactive relation among each factor in cluster, we can divide foreign theories of industrial cluster into three development stages： the classical theories, the development of district＇s space structure theories, and neo - cluster theories. This procession have contacted with the social and economic environment in corresponding periods, continuously detailed the structural system of the relations which cluster contained, and revealed that the nature of industrial cluster lies in the phenomenon that each related subject gathers in the same district, divides their works and cooperates with each other, and interacts for their benefits in order to obtain the whole competitive advantage. It requests that we should take cluster＇s integration as the means, strengthen its own organizational ability which is decided by the core competencies, understand the inside and outside related factors of the cluster district systematically, and notice to guard against and dissolve the latent risk.