南明弘光政权与清朝几种政策的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Several Policies between the Hongguang Administration of Nanming Dynasty and That of Qing Dynasty

弘光政权是明崇祯朝被李自成农民军推翻之后第一个南明朝廷,它与清朝和李自成的大顺政权并存,最终为清朝所灭。为什么在人力、物力、财力等方面都胜于对手以及据长江之险的南明弘光政权在短短的一年就灭亡了,而清朝为何战胜了比自己强大的对手?经过对双方的用人政策、吏治和惩贪政策、赋税政策以及治军措施,进行比较分析,不难看出,弘光政权的政策具有腐朽性,清朝的政策具有进步性。

Hongguang administration is the first imperial court of Nanming after Chongzhen emperor of Ming Dynasty is overthrown by Li Zicheng, and it co-exists with the Qing dynasty and the Dashun Administration of Li Zicheng, and finally is wiped out by Qing Dynasty. What are the reasons of its destruction in such a short time, which has once such large human labor, material and financial resourses and which has depended the natural barrier of Changjiang River？ How does the Qing Dynasty overcome the opponent which is much powerful than istelf？ By a comparison and analysis of the policies of employing persons, official administration, and punishing the corruptions of the two dynasties, it is clear that the policies of Hongguang Dynasty is corrupted, and the policies of Qing Dynasty is progressive.