湖北省孕产妇保健影响因素

Analysis on influence factors about health care of pregnant and lying-in women in Hubei provience

目的了解湖北省孕产妇保健状况，探索孕产妇保健的影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层系统抽样方法，抽取湖北省11个县（市）1998年1月1日～2003年10月20日有活产的17～45岁已婚育龄妇女共计687人，对其孕产期保健状况分别进行问卷调查，单因素分析采用70检验法、非参数检验法，多因素分析采用逐步前进法进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果城市及农村孕产妇产前检查率分别为99．4％，84．7％；住院分娩率95．6％，54．8％；剖宫产率46．1％，10．7％；产后访视率67．3％，53．3％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。城市孕产妇保健主要影响因素是经济收入和年龄，农村是生育活产儿数、经济收入、文化程度、是否为农民、是否经常主动获取保健知识。结论湖北省城乡孕产妇保健状况和影响因素差异较大，首次产前检查时间滞后，产后访视率明显低于产前检查率，与全国甲类城市和农村保健服务标准存在一定差距。

Objective To survey the health care situation of pregnant and lying-in women in Hubei provience and to explore the influence factors on the health care situation of pregnant and lying-in women. Methods By multi-stage stratifiedsystematic random sampling procedure, 687 married women aged 17 to 45 years from 8 rural counties and 3 urban cities of Hubei provience, who at least had deliveried one child from Jan. 1^st 1998 to Oct. 20^th 2003, were investigated. Chi-square Test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and non-conditional logistic regression were used for analysis. Results The prenatal examination rate were 99.4 % and 84.7 %, the instiutional delivery were 95.6 % and 54.8 %, the cesarean section rate were 46.1% and 10.7 %, the percenage of the postapartum visiting by the health personnel were 67.3 % and 53.3 %, respectively in urban and rural. All the differnences had the statistics significance（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The multivariate analysis showed that the health care of pregnant and lying-in women was associated with their economic income and ages in urban, and it was related to the numbers of live neonatus, their economic income education, occupation and the behavior of seeking health-related information in rural. Conclusion The health care conditions of preganant and lying-in women in urban are different from those in rural, the first time of prenatal examination is delayed, the rate of visitation after birth is significant lower than that of the rate of examination before birth, certain disparity existed with the national class-A city and rural health service standards.