武汉市0～7岁儿童计划免疫现状及影响因素

Analysis on immunization status and its affecting factors of 0～7 years old children in Wuhan city

目的了解武汉市0～7岁儿童计划免疫工作的现状及影响因素，为政府和卫生部门制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法，抽取武汉市2个城区2个社区的1009名0～7岁儿童，进行家庭情况、健康状况、保健现状和疫苗接种情况等调查。结果武汉市0～7岁儿童疫苗接种建卡率为93．6％；卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破疫苗和麻疹疫苗的接种率分别为96．92％，97．66％，97．34％，95．22％，96．11％，五苗全程接种率为94．59％；儿童武汉市户籍、父母文化程度高、家庭经济状况好、建立免疫接种卡是计划免疫的促进因素。结论武汉市0～7岁儿童接受计划免疫服务的现状较好，但流动儿童的疫苗接种率和五苗全程接种率均低于常住儿童，应加强对流动儿童计划免疫工作的管理，促进儿童健康。

Objective To understand the immunization status and its affecting factors of 0-7 years old children in Wuhan city so as to provide basis for immunization program. Methods 10090 - 7 years old children from two districts of Wuhan city were chosen by cluster sampling. Then their family backgrouds, health status, status of health care and vaccination they shared and so on were investigated with self-adminitrated questionnares. Results The rate of establishing vaccination cards of 0-7 years old children in Wuhan city was 93.6%, their immunization coverage rate of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG）, Hepatitis B vaccine （HepB）, Oral Polio Vaccine （OPV）, Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine （DTP）, and Measles eir five vaccine immunization coverage rate was 94.95 %. Resident children, well-educated parents, good income family and having established cards were stimulus of immunization. Conclusion The immunization status of 0- 7 years old children in Wuhan city is good, but the inoculation rate and coverage rate of five vaccines of floating children is lower than that of resident ones. Thus, government and public health services should pay more attention to strengthen immunization of city floating children.