青岛市居民膳食结构和营养状况调查

Evaluation of dietary pattern and nutritional status of residents in Qingdao city

目的了解青岛市城乡居民的膳食结构和营养状况。方法利用青岛市首次居民营养与健康状况调查资料,对72个调查点2 160户居民进行家庭膳食调查(城市720户,农村1 440户),以个人72 h膳食回顾结合家庭调味品称重获取膳食信息。结果青岛市居民平均每人日摄入能量9.68 kJ,蛋白质68.3 g,脂肪90.8 g,维生素C摄入充足;硫胺素和核黄素偏低;钙530.2 mg,占推荐膳食供给量(Recommended Dietary Allwance,RDA)的66.3%。膳食能量的47.3%来自谷类,蛋白质的43.5%来自谷类。脂肪提供总能量的35.3%,动物脂肪占膳食脂肪的35.0%。结论青岛市居民平均已摄入了足够的食物,改善居民的膳食模式应以调整不平衡膳食结构为主要目的。

Objective To evaluate the dietary pattern and nutritional status of urban and rural residents in Qingdao. Methods The first citywide nutrition and health survey in Qingdao was carried out in 2002. The sample was drawn using a two-stage stratified random cluster process, and consisted of 2 160 households. The household food consumption data were collected for three days using an inventory change combined with weighing method, and individual intakes were obtained by 3 consecutive 24-hour recalls. Results The citywide average of energy intake was 2310.4 kcal per man per day, of protein was 68.3 gram and fat was 90.8 gram. The average consumption of ascorbic acid was adequate, of retinol equivalent and riboflavin was low. The calcium intake was 530.2 mg per day reached 66.3 % of the RDA. Cereals provided 47.3 % of the dietary energy and 43.5 % of protein. Fat energy accounted for 35.3 % of the total, and animal fat accounted for 35.0% of the dietary fat. Conclusion While sufficient foods are consumed by residents in Qingdao, some meatures should be taken to improve the unbalanced dietary pattern.