基于废钢指数的美、日、中废钢资源分析及启示

Scrap Resources for the USA,Japan and China:an Analysis Based on Scrap Index

废钢资源的充分利用对于钢铁产业可持续发展具有重要的意义。基于1958年到2004年的美、日、中三国钢产量、废钢消耗量以及废钢进出口量的数据,引入了废钢指数来比较美、日、中三国废钢资源的充足性,从钢铁产业周期的角度阐述了美、日、中近年来废钢资源的变动规律,对钢铁工业在不同时期废钢及其相关指标的特点进行了分析。提出了鼓励进口国外废钢资源,制定合理废钢标准,建立国家废钢储备基地等建议。

Scrap resources are vital to the steel industry＇s sustainable development. The scrap index is defined as a criterion charactering the availability of scrap to the steel industry in the USA, Japan and China. The statistical data of the gross production of crude steel, scrap comsuption, imports and exports of scrap are all cited from 1958 to 2004. How the scrap resources of the USA, Japan and China changed cyclically in recent years are analyzed in relation to the demand for scrap in steel industry and relevant indices. Some suggestions are given to China＇s steel industry, including importing scrap, formulating reasonable standards of scrap and constructing national bases for scrap reserves.