威尔逊的理想主义述评

Comment on Wilson's Idealism

理想主义作为国际关系理论中的一种主流理论范式,曾在两次世界大战之间的二三十年中占据着国际关系理论界的主导地位。威尔逊作为理想主义学派的创始人,他关于理想主义的基本主张是研究理想主义的切入点。威尔逊理想主义以普遍的道德和意识形态来定义国家利益,认为国际政治是一个总体和谐、可以通过道德和国际法求得进步的过程,主张在国际事务中实行公开外交、民族自决和集体安全,并以此为要素建构世界新秩序。如何正确认识威尔逊理想主义对于研究国际关系基本理论至关重要。

Idealism, as a mainstream expression of the theory of international relations, was once predominant in the relevant study in the 20-year period between the two world wars. As the initiator of the idealism school, Wilson＇s basic views about his idealism are just the point we shall get to in the study, which defined the national interests as universal morality and ideology, and regard international politics as a harmoniously progressive process in which a global advancement will be available through morality and international law. He advocated the open diplomacy, national autonomy and collective security, and took them as the ground on which the new order of the world was possible to form. How to understand Wilson＇s idealism is still important to us studying the basic content of international relations.