萜类生物合成的基因操作

Genetic Manipulation on Biosynthesis of Terpenoids

萜类是一组结构迥异的化合物家族,其中很多具有较大的应用价值,如青蒿素和紫杉醇等,它们在多种微生物和植物中合成,但其天然产量低。萜类代谢工程通过DNA重组技术改造萜类合成细胞中的代谢途径,以提高萜类最终产量或在不含萜类的生物中合成萜类,为促进有用萜类合成提供了新的机会。以萜类化合物生物合成途径的基因转移与表达为切入点,综述了目前在微生物及植物中应用代谢工程提高萜类产量的研究进展。

Terpenoids constitute a chemically diverse family of naturally occuring compounds with pharmaceutical significance, such as artemisinin and taxin. They are synthesized in many kinds of microorganisms and plants with very low yield. Metabolic engineering, modifying metabolic pathways of terpenoids-synthesized ceils by recombinant DNA techniques, has been developed and applied to improve the production of terpenoids, as well as create a novel biosynthesis pathway of terpenoids in terpenoid-free organisms. The biosynthetic pathway of terpenoids was sumed up, and recent progress of metabolic engineering aiming at raising content of terpenoids in microorganisms and plants was described.