矿体阶段开采顺序的选择及数值模拟

Selection and Numerical Simulation of Stepwise Mining Sequence

利用2D-σ程序对深部矿体不同开采顺序的应力场和位移场进行数值模拟.研究结果表明,采用上行式阶段开采顺序,采场顶板破坏度、位移值和垂直方向应力值均小于下行式开采,在矿床开采末期,地表的沉陷范围及各阶段顶板和边帮的位移均小于下行式开采.因此,采用上行式阶段开采顺序有利于改善采场的稳定性及减轻或避免深部硬岩开采诱发的岩爆灾害,从回采工艺过程方面分析,更有利于矿山实现的无废开采新技术,具有显著的经济效益和社会价值.

Numerical simulation was conducted using the FEM software 2D-σ for the stress field and displacement field of the deep orebody mined in different stepwise sequences. The results showed that the failure of stope roofs, displacement and vertical stress in overhead mining sequence are all smaller than those in underhand mining and, especially during the final mining of an ore deposit. The subsidence zone and displacements of both stope roofs and side struts of all steps in overhead mining are all smaller than in underhead mining. For this reason, the mining operation in overhand stepwise sequence will benefit the improvement of stability of stope so as to mitigate even avoid the rockburst induced by deep hard rock exploitation. In view of stoping process, the overhead mining sequence is preferable to developing no-waste mining technology with significant econosocial benefits available.