高温蘑菇浙Ag HWZ-1生物学特性的研究

Studies on the Biological Characteristics of the High-Temperature-Thermotolerant Agaricus Strain Ag HWZ-1

浙Ag HWZ-1是一株性状与大肥茹（Agaricus bitorquis）相似,风味近似于双孢蘑菇（A.bisporus）的高温四孢蘑菇菌株。出菇适宜温度为27～30℃,菌丝生长温度18～34℃,最适为27℃,为至今国内报道的出菇温度最高的蘑菇菌株。PH值范围为4～9,最近为6。基质（棉籽壳）最适含水量为60～66％。菌丝在黑暗下生长良好,光照对菌丝生长具抑制作用,高浓度CO_2可促进菌丝生长,子实体纽结和发育仅需很少的新鲜空气。菌株对碳源利用以麦芽糖为优,淀粉、乳糖和甲基纤维素较差;有机氮比无机氮更有利于菌丝生长,以酵母粉最优,尿素最差。菌丝在供试的三种基质上均能生长,在麦粒上生长最快。

Ag HWZ-1 is a high-tempcrature-thcrmotolerant four-spore Agaricus strain with similar characteristics to A. bitorquis and tasts similar to A. bisporus. The temperature range for its fruitbody formation is at 27-30℃ and the temperature range for its mycclial growth is at 18-34℃ with the optimum temperature of 27℃. It is the most thermotolcrant Agaricus strain ever reported in our country. The pH value appropriate for Ag HWZ-1 is 4-9 with the optimum of 6. The optimum moisture content of the substrate (cotton seed hull) is 60%-66%. Its mycelia grow well in darkness and light is proved to inhibit its mycclial growth. On the other hand, the higher level carbon dioxide stimulates its mycelial growth. While the fruitbody initiation and development require less fresh air. Of all 8 carbon sources tested, maltose is the best, followed by starch, lactose and methyl cellulose. And organic nitrogen is better than inorganic nitrogen for mycelia growth among which yeast extract is the best one, urea is the worst one. It is identified that the mycelia can grow in three kinds of substrate tested and barley substrate is the best one.