论英国地方自治的演进、影响与宪政价值

On the Transformation of English Local Self-government and Its Constitutional Merits

国家与社会是一个相互联系、相互影响并相互制约的有机体。地方自治是介于国家和社会之间的一种力量和组织,是地方性的人民共同活动,是寓政治、经济与一体的一种成熟的人民生活形式,是政治制度和政治活动中一个最重要的范畴。英国的地方自治制度促进了英国资产阶级民主政治,成为资产阶级民主宪政的基础和国家政治制度的范式。英国的地方自治精神和模式深深地影响了欧美国家,并成为欧美和东方国家如日本仿效的、基本的地方政治制度。它更是一种最古老、最坚固、最持久的民主制度。

State combines community into an organism. They correlate with and act upon each other. Local self-government is an organization and a force between state and community. It is a common action of local people, and a way of economic and political life. It is an important category in politic system and politic action. The local self-government helps to improve democracy in Great Britain and lay the foundation of constitutional system. The idea and model of local self-government have influenced other Euramerican nations and Japan. It is an oldest, most solidity and lasting democratic system.