中美新冷战何以能够避免:一个建构主义的解释

Why was the New Cold War between China and America Avoidable:a Constructivist Study

冷战后中美关系尽管麻烦不断,但迄今没有发生新的冷战。从建构主义视角看,观念因素起了很大作用。具体说来,中国改变了自我身份,逐渐认同现存国际体系,从国际体系的挑战者转变为参与者;中国拒绝做美国的敌人,并把意识形态因素最大限度地排除在两国关系之外;中美领导人特别是中国领导人,在处理相互关系中都有相当的自我约束,由此阻止了双边关系的恶性循环。因此,虽然美国对中国的身份定位至今摇摆不定,稳定的建设性互动模式尚未成型,但新冷战迄未成为现实。

The post-cold-war Sino-American relation has been full of troubles, however, so far a new coldwar has been avoided. In a constructivist view the factor of ideas can account for the fact quite significantly. They are as follows. China has been changing its self-identity and identifying itself with the current international system, turning itself from a challenger to a participator; China has refused to be America＇s enemy, while excluding the ideology from the bilateral relation as possible as it can; leaders on two sides, esp. , the Chinese leaders, have expressed a great deal of self-restraints, which has successfully prevented the relation from falling into a vicious circle.