食管鳞状上皮癌变过程中p16与Fhit的表达及其意义

Expression and significance of p16 and Fhit protein in esophageal carcinoma patients

目的探讨食管鳞状上皮癌变过程中p16与Fhit蛋白表达变化及其相互关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法对17例正常食管鳞状上皮、16例轻度不典型增生(Ⅰ级组)、16例中度不典型增生(Ⅱ级组)、17例重度不典型增生(Ⅲ级组)、10例原位癌、18例鳞状细胞癌组织中抑癌基因P16及Fhit的蛋白表达进行检测与分析。结果①从食管鳞状上皮→不典型增生→原位癌→鳞状细胞癌,随着食管病变的加重,p16及Fhit蛋白表达率呈逐渐降低趋势。②正常组除与不典型增生Ⅰ级组相比p16与Fhit蛋白表达差异无显著性(P>0.05)外,正常组与其余各组相比上述指标差异均有显著性(均为P<0.05);鳞状细胞癌组与不典型增生Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、原位癌组相比p16与Fhit蛋白表达差异无显著性(P>0.05),鳞状细胞癌组与正常组、不典型增生Ⅰ级组比较上述指标差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。③p16与Fhit蛋白阳性表达率下降趋势一致。结论p16与Fhit蛋白表达的缺失在食管癌变过程的早期阶段就已经发生。p16与Fhit蛋白表达呈正相关,可能在食管上皮癌变过程中起到协同作用。

Objective To explore the expression changes of p16 and Fhit during esophageal carcinomatous development and the relationship between the two proteins. Methods p16 and Fhit protein expression was detected and analyzed in 17 cases of normal squamous epithelium, 16 cases of slight atypical hyperplasia （grade Ⅰ group ） , 16 eases of moderate atypical hyperplasia （grade Ⅱ group） , 17 cases of atypieal hyperplasia （grade Ⅲ group ） , 10 eases of carcinoma in situ, and 18 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemieal SP method. Results With advance of esophageal cancer,the expression rates of p16 and Fhit reduced gradually. There was not remarkable correlation in p16 and Fhit protein expression between normal group and grade Ⅰ group （P 〉 0.05 ） but there was signifieant difference among normal group and other groups （ P 〈 0.05 for each ）. There was not significant difference in p16 and 1/hit expression among squamous cell carcinoma group and grade Ⅱ group, grade Ⅲ group and carcinoma in situ group （P 〉 0.05 ） but there was remarkable correlation in p16 and Fhit expression between squamous eell carcinoma group and normal group as well as grade 1 group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The positive expression rates of p16 and Fhit were similarly decreased. Conclusion The loss of p16 and Fhit protein expression occurs in the early stage of esophageal eareinomatous change, p16 is positively correlated with Fhit, which may play a synergistic role in the esophageal carcinoma.