微波处理对不同植物种子活力及耐盐性的影响

Effects of Microwave Pre-Conditioning Technology on Different Species Plant Seeds Vigor and Saline Tolerance

为了研究微波预处理工艺对不同种类植物种子耐盐性的影响及所选工艺参数的普遍性,用NaCl溶液和原生水分别作种子萌发的培养液,选择蔬菜种子(白菜)、草本植物(高羊茅、黑麦草)和木本植物(刺槐)为实验对象,以相对幼苗活力指数评价种子的耐盐性,采用对比实验考察了微波预处理对4种不同种类植物种子活力的影响．结果表明,NaCl单一盐类对种子萌发的胁迫作用均比原生水复合盐类大;对2g种子,在原生水培养条件下,微波参数2 450 MHz、65 W,辐照6 s,间隔10 min,重复照射1次,处理后种子的相对幼苗活力指数均显著提高,增幅为31％-84％．虽然上述种子种类不同,但由于微波因素影响种子活力的生理生化基础及其作用机制相同,所以同样的微波处理工艺参数均能达到显著提高种子活力的效果．

Comparative experiments were carried out to study the effect of microwave pre-conditioning factors on seed vigor and saline tolerance of some different species of plant, with Jinqing-60 Chinese cabbage seeds, tall rescue seeds, uegrass seeds and black locust seeds as studied object. NaCl solvent and primary, water were used respectively to imitate saline or alkaline soil condition in Tianjin seashore area for cultivating seed germination, and the relative growing vigor index （RGVI） was adopted to estimate the effect of microwave pre-eonditioning factors including power and irradiation time on seed vigor. The results show that with regards to the different seeds mentioned above, the effect of salinity on the seed germination by the single salt of NaCl is bigger than that bv the compound salt of primary water. For 2 g seeds undergoing the identical microwave pre-conditioning （2 450 MHz, 65 W, 6 s irradiation, 10 rain interval, irradiation again）and germinating under the condition of primary water, the values of RGVI have all increased by 31%-84% compared with those of the seeds without undergoing microwave pre-conditioning. Although the plant seeds mentioned above belong to different species, studies showed that the identical microwave pre-conditioning lead to the positive effect on seeds vigor and saline tolerance for all the seeds, for the fact that the enzyme leading to seed germination is identical to different species seeds.