知识者的文体选择与思想言说——西方随笔流变论

On the Intellectual's Stylistic Choice and Their Thoughts: the Evolution of Essays of the West

西方古代随笔的源头可追溯至古希腊罗马时期。16世纪文艺复兴晚期,法国思想家蒙田的出现,标志着西方随笔发展史上的重要转捩点。至此以后,随笔传播到英国国土,并日趋兴盛和繁荣,随后也在西方各国文化土壤中生根、发芽和壮大。在这条西方随笔的发展谱系上,除了普鲁塔克、蒙田外,还涌现了培根、艾迪生、伏尔泰、兰姆、尼采、爱默生、伍尔夫、萨特、罗兰巴特等一大批世界级随笔大家,从而使随笔在各类文体中占有重要的一席之地。

The source of the ancient essays of the West can be dated back to the Rome. In the late Renaissance of the 16th century, the emerge of the French ideologist, turning point in the development of essays of the West. After that, essays spread to E period of the ancient Greece and Montaigne, marked an important ngland and became more and more prosperous. Essays then became popular in all western countries. In the lineage of the development of essays of the West, except for Plutarch and Montaigne, there also appeared such world-class essayists as Bacon, Edison, Voltaire, Lamb, Nietzsche, Emerson, Wolfe, Sartre and Rolandbutt, enabling essays to take an important position in the various varieties of writings.