青春期与青年男性乳房发育临床流行病学调查分析

The clinical epidemiologic investigation of gynecomastia in adolescent and the young males

目的:了解目前国人青春期及青年男性乳房发育的临床流行病学特点.方法:用SPSS软件建立数据库,分析山东省某高校1998例18～25岁青年男性人群问卷式调查资料.结果:①青春期男性乳房发育发生率为71.4%,平均发生年龄为(12.6±1.9)岁,持续时间为(1.33±0.52)年.乳房发育以乳房结节表现为主(76.1%),乳房触痛、乳头溢液发生率分别为71.2%和21.7%,发育的乳房以1～2cm大小为最多见(80.1%),发育部位以双侧发育最多(87.6%),自行消退率为97.8%.②青年男性乳房发育症发病率为4.15%,发生年龄(13.3±2.2)岁,持续时间(6.30±3.86)年,乳房直径(7.9±4.8)cm,乳晕直径(2.5±1.2)cm,弥漫增大和局限结节者所占比例分别为32.5%和67.5%.双侧乳房增大表现者为78.6%,左侧增大者为12.1%,右侧增大者为9.3%.乳房触痛和乳头溢液者发生比例分别为21.6%和15.7%.③青春期男性乳房发育和青年男性乳房发育症人群在发生率、自行消退情况、持续时间、乳房增大部位及伴有乳房疼痛方面差异有统计学意义.结论:青春期男性乳房发育和青年男性乳房发育症各有其流行病学特点.

Objective ：To get the message of clinical epidemiologic characteristics of gynecomastia in adolescent or the young males. Methods ：The statistic software of SPSS was used to analyze the 1998 male graduates investigated in the study with the questionnaire. Results ： ① 71. 4% people had experienced gynecomastia ever in the Past years, with onset of Illness（12.6 ± 1.9）years; last time（1.33 ± 0.52）years; 23.9% displayed widespread enlargement and 76.1% showed lump. 80.1% displayed the diameter of 1～2cm. 87.6% were bilateral enlargement and 5.7% in left,6.7% in right,71.2% accompanied with tenderness and 21.7% with nipple dischargei The rate of self-extinction was 97.8%.②98 of 1998（4.15%）male patients have gyneoomastia now. With onset of illness（mean abe 13.31 ± 2.24）, last time （mean4.30±4.83）, the diameter of breast（7.9±4.8）cm,areola of breast（2.5±1.2）cm. 27（32.5%）displayed widespread enlargement and 56（67. 5%）showed lump. Other causes of gynecomastia include 65（78. 69%）were bilateral enlargement and 10（12.1%）in left,8（9.3%）in right, 18（21. 6%）accompanied with tenderness and 13（15. 7%）with nipple discharge. ③ The incidence of a disease, rate of self-extinction, last time, enlargement area and the tenderness of touch showed a sigernificent difference in the groups of adolescent and young males with gynecomastia（P〈0.05）. Conelusion ： Gynecomastia has its own epidemiologic character either in the adolescent or the young males.