西藏生态脆弱区人为作用对生态退化的影响

Influence of human activity on ecological degradation in ecological frangibility area-Tibet

西藏是典型的生态脆弱区,西藏生态具有自然基础不稳定性和对外力干预的敏感性特点。本文从阐述西藏生态的敏感性入手,在辨识生态退化的人为作用方式的基础上,探讨了生态敏感性、人为作用与生态退化之间的关系及人为作用机理,进一步利用典型相关分析方法,在西藏自治区县域尺度上就人为活动对生态退化影响的强度进行了量化分析。得出了三点结论:1)人为作用通过生态敏感性而使生态趋于退化。2)人为因子与生态敏感性之间的作用不是简单的加和,而是一种乘数效应。3)总人口是生态退化的最显著的人为因子。

Tibet whose physical base is unstability is easy to degenerate under external forth. It is a typical ecological frangibility area in China. In order to understand the influence machenism of human activity on ecological degradation in ecological frangibility area--Tibet, the sensibility of Tibet＇s ecology, form of human activities that induce ecological degradation are discussed firstly. Then the relationship among ecological sensibility, human activities and ecological degradation, and the mechanism of human activities on ecological degradation are explored. Lastly, with Canonical Correlations Analysis, quantity analysis of the intensity of human activities on ecological degradation is studied in county level in Tibet. The conclusion include： （1） Ecological sensibility is the direct material condition that can result in the ecology degradation. Human activities make the ecology degradative by ecological sensibility. （2） Human activities which is the most active factor in ecosystem can magnify the effect of ecological sensibility. The interaction between human factors and ecological sensibility is a kind of multiplicative effect, not a simple additive effect. （3） The Canonical Correlations Analysis show： the primary human factor that gets rise of ecology degradative is population.