小麦白粉病潜在生防菌的筛选与控病特性研究

Screening and Curbing Efficacy of Potential Biocontrol Agents for Powdery Mildew of Wheat

2001￣2004年从山东,河南等11省采集土样78份,通过稀释平板法共分离菌株282株,其中真菌138株,细菌72株,放线菌61株。通过小麦白粉菌的孢子萌发抑制试验和小麦离体叶病害抑制试验的初步筛选,共得到12株防效较好的菌种。将所筛选的12个菌株进行温室盆栽苗病害控制试验。结果表明:细菌菌种PE4、C26、C27与真菌菌种P17-1对小麦白粉病抑制能力较强,防治效果分别达74.96%、70.1%、67.33%和64.71%。并对不同处理的小麦株高和千粒重进行方差分析,其中菌株PE4、C26、GE11处理的小麦千粒重分别为43.57,42.21,41.57g,与对照千粒重(29.22g)差异极显著。

78 soil samples were collected from 11 provinces in China between 2001 and 2004. With these samples, a total of 282 isolates were isolated by dilution-plate method. Among them, there were 138 fungal isolates, 72 bacterial isolates and 61 actinomycial isolates. According to the ability to inhibit asexual spore germination on bearing glass and to curb the disease development on detached wbeat leaves, 12 promising isolates were singled out, These 12 isolates were used in adult wheat plant stage for further disease control experiment in greenhouse. The results indicated that 3 bacterial isolates （PE4,C26,C27） and 1 fugal isolates （P17-1） had considerably curbed the development of Bumeria graminis f.sp.tritici. Their control efficacy reached 70.1%,67.33%,74.96% and 64.71%, respectively. The experiment also indicated that wheat plant height and 1000-kernal weight were significantly affected. The 1000-kernal weight of wheat treated with isolates of PE4, C26, GEll were 43.57g, 42.21g and 41.57g, respectively （29.22g for CK）.