论定金的性质

On Nature of the Deposit

作为一项重要的债的担保方式,定金制度在我国立法中较为滞后和粗糙,学术界对定金的性质有较大理论分歧。从立法本意和司法实践分析,定金的性质应是违约定金。我国立法应以制定《民法典》为契机,明确定金的性质和适用法律要件,确定其在法律架构中的地位,使理论与实务相统一,以期达到较好的立法效果。

Deposit is one of the most crucial guarantee methods of obligation, but the deposit system is simple and rough in the lawmaking in China and the academic circles has bigger divergences to the nature of the deposit. Deposit should be the penalty for breach of contract from original meaning and practice. We should take the opportunity of establishing the civil code to make sure it in law configuring position, make theories and actual situations unified mutually, and achieve better legal effect.