不同健康教育形式对糖尿病治疗的影响

Effect of Different Education Patterns on the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

目的研究不同糖尿病教育形式在糖尿病治疗中的作用。方法用随机单盲对照法,将132例糖尿病患者分为集体教育组(A组)76例、小组及单人教育组(B组)56例,每组患者均于教育前、教育后3个月、6个月调查糖尿病知识积分(DKN)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS),每周主动运动治疗次数及每周血糖监测次数,并检测糖化血红蛋白(HbAlC)、血糖,了解患者对糖尿病的认识、自控能力、精神障碍及糖代谢改善情况,进行组内教育前后及同期组间比较。结果A组患者在教育后6个月DKN、血糖、HbAlc有改善(P<0.05),自控能力无改善(P>0.05)。B组患者在教育后3个月,6个月自控能力提高,DKN、血糖、HbAlc、SDS、SAS等指标明显改善(P<0.05或P<0.01),且优于同期A组患者(P<0.01)。结论糖尿病健康教育能有效提高患者自控能力,增加对糖尿病的认识,同时能改善患者精神状态,其中在单人教育及小组教育优势更明显。

Objective To investigate the effect of different education patterns on the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Methods 132 diabetic patients were divided into collective education group （group A, 76 cases） and team or individual education group （group B, 56 cases） by randomized single-blind controlled method. Both groups received investigations on diabetic knowledge （DKN）, self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depreasive scale （SDS）, weekly frequency of exervisns and plasma glucose measurement, glycosy lated hemoglobin （HbAlc）, and plasma glucose at three different time points, which are before health education, 3 and 6 months after health education respectively. The information about consciousness of diabetes, self-contrnl, mind obstacleand improvement of glucose metabolism were also collected. Data of different time points were evaluated within the same group and data of same time point were compared groups. Results The DKN, plasma glucose, and HbAlc of group A were improved （P 〈 0. 05 ） 6 months after health education, but the self-contrnl was not changed signiticanfly （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Such indexes as DKN, improved （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and better than health education could enhance the plasma glucose, HbAlc, SDS, and SAS of group B were significantly those of group A at the same time point （ P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The of patients with diabetes menitus, improve their self-contrel and mental status. The team or individual education is more effective than collective education pattern.