秦汉直道研究与直道遗迹的历史价值

Study on Zhidao (Straight Road) of Qin & Han Dynasty and Historical Values of Its Relic

本文针对当前在秦汉直道研究方面的种种不同说法,重新分析有关秦汉直道的历史文献和考古调查结果,指出直道南端起始于甘泉,是以甘泉至咸阳间的已有道路为基础,这条道路的南端起点,实质上应是咸阳。根据唐代以前比较可靠的文献记载,目前只能完全肯定直道乃是连通云阳(甘泉)和九原两地,但在这两地之间具体究竟怎样连接,并没有特别可靠的证据足以复原。史念海主要依据唐代文献记载对直道路线所做的复原,亦即西线方案,反对者并没有能够提出有力的文献依据,所以,在目前看来,还是一种相对比较可信的说法。

In light of many different conclusions about Zhidao （Straight Road）, the paper, based on the documents and archaeological investigations concerned, points out that Ganquan of Shaanxi Province （indeed the capital city Xianyang） was Zhidao＇s Southern terminus. According to the authentic documents before Tang Dynasty, we can affirm that Zhidao connected Ganquan and Jiuyuan. However, details of the route cannot be gained in lack of authentic proofs. Depending on documents of Tang Dynasty, Shi Nianhai recovered the route as called “West Line”. Up to now, the studies by Shi Nianhai is much more credible, for his objectors do not put forward any powerful proofs.