有机、无机肥结合对水稻生产力和土壤肥力建设的影响Ⅱ．对土壤微生物区系和酶活性含量的研究

Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Combination on Rice Productivlty and Soil Fertility Ⅱ.Study on the content of microflora in soil and enzymatic activities

本研究探讨了无机氮与有机肥料结合施用对稻田土壤微生物区系、酶活性的影响。经５年１０个稻作季的定位试验结果表明：尿素分别与红萍、绿肥、厩肥结合的处理，均比等氮量的尿素为对照处理的土壤细菌增加（５．４６～７．２８）×１０５，真菌增加（０．９６、１．９６）×１０３，放线菌增加（１０．０６～１１．３０）×１０４，自生固氮菌增加（７８５～９５６）×１０４，脲酶产生菌增加（５．６６～７．７４）×１０５；土壤过氧化氢酶活性增加０．３６～０．４９（０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＭｎＯ４ｍｌ／ｇ土），脲酶活性增加０．８３～１６３（ＮＮ３－Ｎｍｇ／ｇ土）。同时提高了土壤供肥能力和水稻生产力。取得显著的土壤生态效益和经济效益。

This study has approached the effect of inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer in combination with organic fertilizer on the microflorain paddy soil and enzymatic activi-ties.The location experiments of 10 rice cropping seasons in five years showed that compared with the relative treatments of equivalent nitrogens urea, the combining treat-ments of urea separately with Azolla,green manure and barnyard manure revealed that soil bacteria increased by(5.46-7.28)×105, Fungi increased by(0.96-1.96)x103,Actinomycets increased by(10. 06 -11.30)×104,Azotobacter increased by(7.85-9.56)×104,Urease-producing bacteria increased by(5.66-7.74)x105, the content of soil Hydrogenperoxide enzymatic activities increased by(0.36-0. 49)(0.1 mol/ L KMnO4ml/g.mil),the content of urease activities increased by 0. 83-1.63(NH3-Nmg/g.soil).Meanwhile the combining treatments also raised the nutrition providing capacity in soil and the rice productivities acquired remarkable benefit in soil ecological recycling and economical efficiency.