我国农民的社会分层结构和特征——一个基于全国1185分调查问卷的分析

Social Stratification Structure and Characteristics of Farmers in China——Analysis based on 1 185 Questionnaires throughout China

改革开放二十多年来,我国农民的社会阶层分化进一步深入,不同职业农民之间的收入存在较大差异。在陆学艺、张厚义对农民社会阶层划分标准的基础上,以职业为基础,以不同职业农民的收入为主要依据,结合农民对不同职业的美誉度,农民的社会阶层可以进一步归结为上层、中上层、中下层和下层四个大类。从总体看,目前我国农村的社会阶层结构是一个“类金字塔”型结构,而且,农村的社会阶层分化正在进行当中。

Over two decades since the reform and opening - up, the social stratification of farmers in China has been more obvious. There is a comparatively huge gap among farmers with different occupations. Based on Lu Xueyi and Zhang Houyi＇s criteria for farmers stratification, the paper further stratifies farmers into upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class and lower class according to their incomes, occupations and reputations of occupations. Generally speaking, the social stratification structure in rural China is like a pyramid. And the polarization of social classes in rural area is still going on.