梦觉皆幻——《庄子》内篇世界观与印度古代幻现论之比较研究

Both Dream and Awakeness Are Fabricated——A Correlating Study of Zhuangzi and Indian Ancient Philosophic Thoughts

《庄子》内篇中的“物化”、“化声”的“化”应是“幻化”、“幻现”之意,而不是通常理解的“形变”、“变化”;“罔两与景”寓言并不是要告诉我们蛇与蚹、蜩与翼的相依相托、不可分离,而是寓意:“罔两”、(影之晕)、它之“所待”-“景”(影)以及影的所待-“形”都不过像“飞行转蜕”的蛇、蜩类一样,是“从无而忽有”,是人们主观幻现的产物;“有始也者,有未始有始也者……”是对“道”的时空超越性的表述,而不能像《淮南子》那样作生成论式的理解。通过与以奥义书为代表的印度古代主流世界观的比较研究表明,《庄子》内篇的世界观是一种典型的境界论。梦和觉在本质上具同等地位。存在的本真是超越时空、超越名相的无差别的大全。现象世界源自人类理智的虚构,它会因人的境界不同而有不同的呈现。

In the first part （内篇） of Zhuangzi , Hua （化） - Wul lua （物化） ,HuaSheng（化声） - is about vision of human, not about biologic evolution,the fable of Shadow（景） and Halo（罔两） suggest that both sbadow and halo are illusions of human being just as snakes and flying creatures（蛇蚹蜩翼）emerge without any material foundation. Correlating Zhuangzi with Indian ancient philosophic thoughts, this paper suggests tbat Zhuangzi（ first part） is a metaphysics in the line of vision. The phenomenon world is fabricated by human being and one should has his distinct picture of secular world according to his own vision.