汉语方言亲属称谓词语中的排行标志

On the Symbols of the Seniority among Brothers and Sisters in RelativeAppellations of Chinese Dialects

不同的民族对兄弟姐妹的行次问题的认知和表述是不一样的。这种差异突出反映在各民族亲属称谓词语系统中。在漫长的岁月中,汉语词汇形成了相当复杂的排行标志体系,尤其是排行最大、次大和最小者的排行标志最为丰富多彩。汉语方言亲属称谓词语中的排行标志就像镜子,折射了传统社会、家庭、观念的面貌及其变革。

The cognition and indication of the seniority among brothers and sisters are different between nationalities. This kind of difference can find expressions in the system of relative appellations of various languages. In the long history, a quite complex symbol system of seniority among brothers and sisters has formed in Chinese glossary. The symbols of the first, the second and the smallest one among brothers and sisters are mostly rich. The symbols of the seniority among brothers and sisters in relative appellations of Chinese dialects like mirrors refracting the conditions of traditional society, family, ideas and their transformation.