我国医疗卫生机构血源性病原体职业防护情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Occupational Prevention from the Blood-borne Pathogens in Medical and Health Institutions in China

目的调查并分析我国医疗卫生机构血源性病原体职业防护制度和防护用品的使用情况,为制定血源性病原体职业暴露防护标准提供技术支持。方法对全国各省、自治区、直辖市共49家医院,23个艾滋病病毒检测实验室,26家中心血站或血液中心和5家医院的临床实验室进行填表调查。调查内容为血源性病原体职业暴露防护制度的制定情况和医疗卫生防护用品的使用情况,结合对部分医院访谈结果,进行描述性分析。结果医疗卫生机构缺乏有效的职业防护规章制度,缺乏个体防护用品的配置标准和采购、发放和使用标准。建议加快制定医疗卫生防护用品配置标准,及其采购、发放和使用管理办法。

Objective Through investigating current protection regulations of blood borne pathogens and use of protective devices in medical and health institution in China, to provide technical support for protection standard of blood borne pathogens, Methods Data were collected from questionnaires issued by the Ministry of Health to 49 hospitals, 23 HIV laboratories, 26 blood center station/blood center and 5 clinical labs in various provinces and municipalities in China, part of which were interviewed and descriptively analyzed, Results Results showed that effective protection regulations were lacking for investigated institutions in preventing blood borne pathogens and in equipping, purchasing, distributing and use of personal protective devices. Suggestions It is in urgent need to establish equipping standard and relevant regulations for purchasing, distributing, and use of personal protective devices in medical and heahh institutions.