《国语》的性质与价值——由出土文献引起的思考

The Nature and Value of Guo YU——Thoughts Provoked by Unearthed Literature

《国语》与《左传》是先秦典籍中的双璧,但两千多年来二者的地位却相去甚远。从近二、三十年出土文献中的“语”类作品出发,重新审视《国语》的性质和价值之后可以发现,《国语》是先秦“语”类作品之集大成,是我国国别史的始祖,对司马迁《史记》的创作有重大影响。《国语》其文“深闳杰异”,对中国史学史上历史的文学化和文学史上文学的史学化,具有重要意义。

Guo Yu and Zuo Zhuan were the twin classics before Qin Dynesty, but they met with quite different fates in history. Inspired by literature unearthed in the past two or three decades, we reexamined the nature and value of Guo Yu and find it was the apex of its kind, the ancestor of the history of particular countries, and an important influence on Sima Qiang Shi Ji. Its profound and outstanding text played an important role in turning history to literature in Chinese history of histories and turning literature to history in Chinese literary history.