“刽子手悖论”之消解

On Hangman Paradox

消解强化的与再强化的“刽子手悖论”之要点为:1.法官之判决涉及对囚徒认知状况之预言,故囚徒就判决所作之论证应作为判断判决能否被执行之依据;2.囚徒之论证不可靠;3.该论证依赖于一个错误的认知原则;4.该认知原则之错误根源在于,误以为推得一命题必然意味着知道该命题。

This paper clears Hangman paradox. The main conclusions are： 1.The judgement includes the prediction about the prisoner＇s cognition, therefore the true value of the judgement must depend on the argument of the prisoner. 2. The argument is unreliable. 3. The argument depends on a false cognitive principle. 4.The mistake of the principle is due to mixing reasoning out with knowing.