国外英语时态研究综览

A Survey of English Tense Studies Abroad

逻辑学界和语言学界各学派对时态的描述和认识各不相同。逻辑学家一般认为,时态反映时间,时态是判断命题真假的一个常项;尽管也有学者坚持时态与时间无关,但却强调时态是确保小句所述活动能否实现的一个必要成分。语言学界对时态概念的认识有四种观点:时态表示动词的不同形态、时态体现客观时间、时态反映主观时间以及时态代表经验主体对事件的经历关系。

There are different accounts of tense in the logic and the linguistic field. Most logicians hold that tense reflects time and that tense is a constant argument of the proposition, whereas other logicians adhere to the thesis that tense has nothing to do with the truth-value of the proposition, but that it is a necessary part of the clause which carries the belief that the involved action, etc. should be successful. In the linguistic field, there have been four understandings of the concept of tense-tense sirr？ly involves verb paradigms, tense reflects real time, tense reflects linguistic time and tense concerns the relationship between an experiencing subject and an “event”.