山区年降水量的时空分布特征研究

Time and Spatial Distribution Character of Annual Precipitation in Mountain Area

以浙江省仙居县水文站为基本站,对仙居县内17个水文站和括苍山气象站的年降水量进行了时间序列订正,建立了17个水文站和括苍山气象站年降水量的时间序列订正模型。并分析了仙居县各降水量测站历年平均降水量的时间分布特征。将仙居县各降水量测站历年降水量数据与GPS实地调查所得到的各测站的经度、纬度和海拔高度数据结合起来,进行多元逐步回归分析,建立仙居县年降水量空间分布模型。其次,利用1:10000仙居县的地形图建立1:10000高空间分辨率的数字高程模型(DEM),从中得到经度、纬度和海拔高度栅格数据,并结合仙居县年降水量空间分布模型,利用GIS的空间分析技术得到了仙居县年降水量空间分布特征,并制作了仙居县年降水量的空间分布图。

Time series of annual precipitation were adjusted from 17 hydrologic stations in Xianju county and Kuocangshan meteorological station, Xianju hydrologic station was used as one basic station in Xianju county in Zhejiang province. The short time series adjusting model of annual precipitation were established from 17 hydrologic stations and Kuocangshan meteorological station in Xianju county. The temporal variation of annual precipitation was analyzed and studied for all precipitation stations in Xianju county. The precipitation distribution model, in which annual precipitation varied with altitude, slope and aspect was established. 1：10000 scale Digital Elevation Model （DEM） with high spatial resolution was built by using 1：10000 scale Xianju topographic map. The topographic factors were derived from DEM. Spatial distribution models of annual precipitation were established by combining DEM and the precipitation distribution model. Spatial distribution maps of annual precipitation with high spatial resolution in Xianju county were generated.